Automobiles

  Engine When needed, the energy is taken from the source and consumed by one or more motors or engines. Sometimes there is an intermediate medium, such as the batteries of a diesel submarine. Most motor vehicles have internal combustion engines . They are fairly cheap, easy to maintain, reliable, safe and small. Since these engines burn fuel, they have long ranges but pollute the environment. A related engine is the external combustion engine . An example of this is the steam engine. Aside from fuel, steam engines also need water, making them impractical for some purposes. Steam engines also need time to warm up, whereas IC engines can usually run right after being started, although this may not be recommended in cold conditions. Steam engines burning coal release sulfur into the air, causing harmful acid rain . A modern scooter in Taiwan. While intermittent internal combustion engines were once the primary means of aircraft propulsion, they have been...

Types Types of motorcycles   A cruiser (front) and a sportbike (background)     A Ural motorcycle with a sidecar   French gendarme motorcyclist The term motorcycle has different legal definitions depending on jurisdiction (see #Legal definitions and restrictions ). There are three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose. Within these types, there are many sub-types of motorcycles for different purposes. There is often a racing counterpart to each type, such as road racing and street bikes, or motocross and dirt bikes. Street bikes include cruisers , sportbikes , scooters and mopeds , and many other types. Off-road motorcycles include many types designed for dirt-oriented racing classes such as motocross and are not street legal in most areas. Dual purpose machines like the dual-sport style are made to go off-road but include features to make them legal and comfortable on the street as...

Motorcycle   Motorcycle     A classic Norton motorcycle     1952 Lambretta 125 D scooter     A motorcycle , often called a bike , motorbike , or cycle , is a two  or three-wheeled motor vehicle . Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting , cruising , sport including racing , and off-road riding. Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies . In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle. In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were Honda , Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero MotoCorp (India). In developing countries, motorcycles are considered utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy . Of all the motorcycles in the worl...

Automotive industry in Pakistan     Toyota Indus 's Corolla is the most manufactured car in Pakistan. In 2017, 52,874 models were made. The automotive industry in Pakistan ( Urdu : پاکستان موٹر گاڑی صنعت ‬ ‎) is the one of the fastest growing industries of the country , accounting for 4% of Pakistan's GDP and employing a workforce of over 1,800,000 people. Currently there are 3200 automotive manufacturing plants in the country, with an investment of ₨ 92 billion (US$870 million) producing 1.8 million motorcycles and 200,000 vehicles annually. Its contribution to the national exchequer is nearly ₨ 50 billion (US$470 million). The sector, as a whole, provides employment to 3.5 million people and plays a pivotal role in promoting the growth of the vendor industry. Pakistan’s auto market is considered among the smallest, but fastest growing in Asia . Over 180,000 cars were sold in the fiscal year 2014-15, rising to 206,777 units...

Why is the automobile so important?     As a result, in North America and Europe the automobile    became cheaper and more accessible to the middle class.  This was facilitated by Henry Ford who did two important things. ...  World War II saw a large increase in mass transit because employment  was high and automobiles were scarce.

Lighting   Automotive lighting         LED daytime running lights on an Audi A4 Cars are typically fitted with multiple types of lights. These include headlights , which are used to illuminate the way ahead and make the car visible to other users, so that the vehicle can be used at night; in some jurisdictions, daytime running lights ; red brake lights to indicate when the brakes are applied; amber turn signal lights to indicate the turn intentions of the driver; white-coloured reverse lights to illuminate the area behind the car (and indicate that the driver will be or is reversing); and on some vehicles, additional lights (e.g., side marker lights) to increase the visibility of the car. Interior lights on the ceiling of the car are usually fitted for the driver and passengers. Some vehicles also have a trunk light and, more rarely, an engine compartment light.